‘It is widely thought that the deepest problems in the metaphysics of time concern the understanding of passage or temporal becoming and its relation to existence.’

Steven Savitt, ‘Being and Becoming in Modern Physics’, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Powers (dispositions, capacities) are par excellence dynamic entities that we posit in the ontology to account for causation and change. Powers are essentially defined by the type of change they (or their possessors) may bring about in appropriate circumstances – e.g. to heat, or to break something. In this paper I offer an account of the dynamic nature of powers, according to which the future is ‘part of’ the essence of a power. This presupposes a theory of time that posits the future to be real. Hence, theories of time such as Presentism and the Growing Block are excluded, while Eternalism, for which the future is real, appears to be the most apt time for powers. However, there is no passage of time or becoming in Eternalism. Can there be dynamism if there is no becoming?